Sustainability and the circular economy are buzzwords in today's plastics processing sector, and nowhere is this more evident than in the blow-molding business, where consumer and brand-owner environmental concern drives trends toward reduced material usage and energy use.
Fremont, CA: Reduced energy usage has been a clear trend in the blow molding sector for some time, but that doesn't mean it's any less significant. In reality, the opposite is true. This target, along with lowering the usage of virgin polymers, is part of a larger goal of improving the sustainability of plastic packaging.
Utilities, particularly electrical power, are the second most expensive (after raw materials) in most blow-molding applications, with drying accounting for most of the cost. While drying is not often necessary for blow molding HDPE and other polyolefins, it is, as previously said, crucial when processing PET.
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The first step in reducing energy usage during drying should always be system sizing. Dryers are frequently oversized or chosen based on optimum processing capacity requirements, which are rarely used. A well-sized drying system may save a large amount of energy.
Another easy alternative is to utilize gas instead of electricity. In some areas, gas might be less expensive, and the equipment necessary to replace electric heating with gas heating can be amortized in months. This will not lower overall energy use or promote sustainability but will save expenditures.
The dryer's design must also be taken into account. As previously stated, desiccant drying systems, the gold standard in the drying market, are always required for PET processing. Desiccant wheel technology remains the gold standard in desiccant drying. The wheel needs a lighter mass to heat than twin-tower or canister dryers, which require significantly larger amounts of desiccant. The wheel may also be regenerated (purified of previously adsorbed moisture) at considerably lower temperatures and has minimal moving components. Furthermore, Conair Optimizer dryer management software and the unique Conair Drying Monitor automatically change drying settings to keep energy usage to the absolute minimum necessary for the application. Using this method, PET bottle manufacturers have reduced drying energy needs to as low as 0.075 kW/kg of material processed.
However, dryers aren't the sole energy users in a blow-molding facility. While vacuum-conveying pumps spend far less energy than drying PET, all materials must be delivered. Thus, any processor may save energy by maximizing conveying efficiency. Wave Conveying™, a new material-handling invention, is 15-30% more energy-efficient than traditional high-speed, dilute-phase systems at various flow rates and distances.
The final area where a blow molder should seek energy savings, regardless of the polymer they produce, is heating and cooling. Chiller systems may be enormous energy hogs if not appropriately constructed for the application and environment.
Today's chiller designs can include various energy-saving features. Variable-speed compressors can continuously vary their speed to fit the cooling demand, reducing energy loss nearly entirely. The variable-speed drive also employs soft-start technology to lower peak energy use and increase compressor motor life. Variable-speed fan motors can be used on outdoor air-cooled chillers to increase energy efficiency and minimize noise levels.
Depending on your plant's location, remote condensers can use low-temperature outside air for almost free cooling at certain times of the year. Furthermore, when various equipment demands different coolant temperatures, a bridal-loop system may use a single chiller to provide the necessary cooling temperatures. Finally, an adiabatic cooling tower may minimize the chiller load, conserving energy and water. The adiabatic design separates the process fluid from the water that evaporates throughout the operation. Furthermore, because an adiabatic tower uses only ambient air or forced air (powered by a variable-speed fan), it consumes energy only when necessary, such as when external temperatures are high. The method also reduces water use to a tenth of typical systems. This can be especially beneficial in areas where water is scarce.
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